Learn About Greenland

Since the eighteenth century, Greenland has been a territory controlled by Denmark. In recent years, however, Greenland has regained a considerable level of autonomy from Denmark. Greenland as a Colony Greenland first became a colony of Denmark in 1775. In 1953, Greenland was established as a province of Denmark. In 1979, Greenland was granted home rule by Denmark. Six years later, Greenland left the European Economic Community (the forerunner of the European Union) in order to keep its fishing grounds from European rules. About 50,000 of Greenlands 57,000 residents are indigenous Inuit. Greenlands Independence From Denmark It wasnt until 2008 that Greenlands citizens voted in a non-binding referendum for increased independence from Denmark. In a vote of over 75% in favor, Greenlanders voted to reduce their involvement with Denmark. With the referendum, Greenland voted to take control of law enforcement, the justice system, coast guard, and to share more equality in oil revenue. The official language of Greenland also changed to Greenlandic (also known as Kalaallisut). This change to a more independent Greenland officially took place in June 2009, the 30th anniversary of Greenlands home rule in 1979. Greenland maintains some independent treaties and foreign relations. However, Denmark retains ultimate control of foreign affairs and defense of Greenland. Ultimately, while Greenland now maintains a great deal of autonomy, it is not yet a fully independent country. Here are the eight requirements for independent country status with regard to Greenland: Has space or territory which has internationally recognized boundaries: yes Has people who live there on an ongoing basis: yes Has economic activity and an organized economy. A country regulates foreign and domestic trade and issues money: mostly, although the currency is the Danish kroner and some trade agreements remain the purview of DenmarkHas the power of social engineering, such as education: yes Has a transportation system for moving goods and people: yes Has a government which provides public services and police power: yes, although defense remains Denmarks responsibilityHas sovereignty. No other state should have power over the countrys territory: no Has external recognition. A country has been voted into the club by other countries: no Greenland reserves the right to seek complete independence from Denmark but experts currently expect that such a move is in the distant future. Greenland will need to try on this new role of increased autonomy for a few years before moving to the next step on the road to independence from Denmark.

The Great Thinkers Like Socrates And Martin Luther King

Great thinkers like Socrates and Martin Luther King took themselves in a unique way of thinking in social changes and attempts to influence others. Martin Luther King is a theologian who used his enlighten powers to fight against inequality in the southern region of United States during 1960s. Dr. King Jr. is a good interpreter of Socrates because they both were aiming to help the society by making them knowledgeable about justice and social advancements. Socrates and martin Luther king were quiet similar in their understanding of world and pointing out the changes that needed in the society. Socrates’ intention was to influence the men of Athens to follow the one who teaches wisely than someone who earns knowledge from an unreliable source. He believed that his source were reliable and it was suitable for the society, Similar to Socrates, Martin Luther King advances his community by letting his people to seek more knowledge about just and unjust laws. In his letter from Birmingham jail, King says â€Å"How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others? The answer lies in the fact that there are two types of laws: just and unjust† (Letter from Birmingham Jail, 611). Socrates was on trial because he broke some laws that he does not believe in and yet was willing to die by those same laws. Martin Luther King argues that if someone thinks there is something wrong with the law, you have to stand up and do something to change the wrong in the law. Both Martin Luther King andShow MoreRelatedThe Great Conversation Of History1573 Words   |  7 Pagesdecision. Over time in which some say is a great conversation about history this battle is changing. The Great Conversation of history spans over many eras where the questions of faith and reason are always things battling for a spot in our minds, but they shouldn’t be in battle because they are very much dependent on the other. Among the time periods from Ancient Greece, the Enlightenment, and the 19th century, writers such as Socrates, Kant, and Martin Luther King Jr have looked at the issue of faithRead MoreThe Modern Greek Tragedy Antigone1602 Words   |  7 Pagestook a stand in their time became some of the most influential and most prominent historical figures that craft our world today. Socrates demonstrates the significance of outspokenness through the characters in his classical Greek tragedy Antigone. Parallel to Antigone, historical figures in our own world exhi bit courage through outspokenness. Characters from Socrates’ Antigone supports the claim that bold people can bring forth change in a society. Three characters fit the description well: AntigoneRead MoreEssay on Can We Live in a Just World?1787 Words   |  8 Pagesan ongoing struggle since the beginning of time. It beleaguered ancient philosophers and still plagues modern political thinkers to this day. 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Big Brother Cartoon Analysis Essay Example For Students

Big Brother Cartoon Analysis Essay J. Wright contends in his cartoon (The Age 13/5/01) that the publics craving for constant surveillance anticipates that there is something quite wrong with us. He chooses to portray the public as exhibitionists, who do not care that somebody, Big Brother, is watching them 24/7. We see that there are many cameras in each cell, capturing everybodys moves, and the public does not care. It is only in cell six, with a sign saying: Big Brother is ignoring you, that we see the public upset and throwing tantrums like little children. Wright shows the public as egocentric. In every cell, there are one or more cameras. In cell three there is a camera at an ATM, for security reasons, where there is a man taking money out of his account and is reading that he is being watched, then automatically thinks that he is now famous. Thinking that we are famous by being watched by a couple of security guards tells us that we are increasingly becoming superficial. When a man is asked and absurd question his reply is, Of course Ill answer your inane question Ill pull my pants down too if you like. This asks the reader to accept that our lives are dull and boring, and the only way we can brighten our lives is to watching other people doing their everyday things, even if they are doing their business on the toilet. By criticising the public, and by implicating the readers by doing so in a humorous fashion Wright questions readers whether they are like this. Wright further argues that there is something wrong with us by contrasting the ideas in Orwells novel 1984 when everybody dreaded Big Brother watching them to the present where being watched is no longer our nightmare. The people of 1984, as depicted by Wright, dreaded Big Brother watching them. They walked down the streets with worried faces, hunched shoulders and thinking that they had no privacy. On one of the faces of a building in the background there is a poster saying, Big Brother is watching you, reminding the pedestrians that they are constantly being scrutinised. In the last couple of cells, people are actually doing anything and everything to get Big Brother to watch them. By contrasting the change over time, Wright is inviting readers to feel alarmed and begin worrying again. Another technique used by Wright is showing the number of cameras placed all around the city and the ludicrous places cameras are found, including the streets and in the toilet. In the second cell there are six cameras attached to the sides of buildings where member of the public are posing and talking into them. Then, in the fifth cell, a man on the toilet talking into a camera! This shows that there is something very wrong with the public today. That something is that we are becoming vain and show offs. Readers, seeing the validity in Wrights argument, that surveillance is increasing, likely reject further such intrusions in their life. Evidence of our tolerant reaction to being observed is yet another one of Wrights techniques to persuade the reader. In the last cell, Big Brother is ignoring society and the peoples reactions are seen as very child-like. The characters in Wrights cartoon throw tantrums and cry like children. This shows us that our behaviour is very child like. Children feel the need to have attention drawn to them. The people in Wrights cartoon are seeking attention from Big Brother and those watching and this immaturity shows us that there is something seriously wrong with us. .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .postImageUrl , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:hover , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:visited , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:active { border:0!important; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:active , .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6 .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2077fb9dd53ec60bbb4ec7570c15f4b6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How does Shakespeare present the relationship between Romeo and Juliet? Essay I would like Antarctica to be preserved for future generations because it is the only landmass that has not been spoilt by humanity.  Antarctica should never be touched by man. Humanity has already ruined too many of the places we are living in and killed too many animals. Take for example the dodo bird which once walked freely and now it only lives in books as a creature of the past. Mans ever-changing ways are also destroying the environment. Mankind is clearing land to build houses for themselves, polluting the air to produce products for themselves endangering other organisms to make way for themselves. It almost seems that the world revolves around man. But there is one place that the elements rule over man Antarctica. In Antarctica, the elements dominate any activity or research that is being done. Scientist have found that Antarctica has many hidden minerals within the ice. Some people are saying that we should drill into Antarctica for oil. However, what if the oil leaks and stains the ice? Antarctica would no longer be white but black; it would no longer be able to reflect the suns rays, as black absorbs the sun. Then Antarctica would slowly begin to melt away, increasing water in our oceans and eventually flooding the world. That is why Antarctica should be conserved just the way it is. It would be a great experience for future generations to take a trip down to Antarctica to see a world untouched, as it was the last continent to be discovered by man. Future generation can see animals in their own natural habitats, like many varieties of penguins, whales and seals.  Antarctica should be left the way it is untouched by man but not untouched by the elements and the arctic animals.

Tactile Memory free essay sample

An overview of Tactile Memory Tactile memory is part of sensory memory systems and it is the recollection of information acquired via touch. It is one of the primitive sensory codes that are used as interacting familiar objects. It is not only important to interact with familiar objects but it is also necessary to interact with novel objects with similar size. Traces of tactile information is similar to iconic memory in terms of duration of the trace since it lasts for a short time and it is vulnerable to decay after almost two seconds (Gallace, amp;Spence, 2009). One of the earliest experimental studies on tactile memory was conducted by Bliss, Crane, Mansfield, and Townsend (1966). In this study, they investigated the characteristics of immediate recall for brief tactile stimuli applied to the hand. The results obtained showed a haptic memory store remarkably similar to the visual memory store. Similar to tests of visual sensory memory, it was also found that haptic memory performance was significantly improved with the use of partial report procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on Tactile Memory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In a recent study, Gallace and Spence (2009) also verified these findings. According to Bliss and colleagues, the difference between partial report and whole report is the result of a sensory form of memory for passively presented tactile stimuli with a high capacity and short duration. Furthermore, Gilson and Baddeley (1969) argued that memory for stimuli applied to the skin is resilient for approximately ten seconds after removal of the stimulus, even when the individual is engaged in tasks that inhibit verbal rehearsal. After this delay, the memory trace becomes vulnerable to forgetting as it decays from the haptic memory store and begins to rely on a more central memory store. Although tactile memory representations can be thought as similar to visual representations in nature but there are significant differences between these two different memory systems in terms of processing and neural anatomy. Easton, Srivinas, and Greene (1997) showed that there is an innate difference between visual and tactile memory representations. In their study, they presented their participants with an object either in visual or tactile forms. In the study, the participants viewed a sphere but they could not touch it. After that, the participants were given a similar shape but they could not see it. The results of the study indicated that the participants’ performance was worse as they were judging size differences in visual form compared to that in tactile form. It is suggested that this is because the participants’ processing in visual form resulted in more variance in terms of object size due to influences, such as perspective and distance. Nero-anatomy of Tactile Memory Tactile memory is widely organized in the somatosensory cortex. The information signals received by body surface goes to the areas that are close together on the brain surface. Various areas of the  parietal lobe  are responsible for contributing to several aspects of tactile memory. Memory for the features of a stimulus including its roughness, spatial density, and texture result in activation of the parietal operculum. On the other hand, features of a stimulus, such as size and shape are detected by touch receptors in the skin. These signals are maintained in the anterior part of the parietal lobe. In addition to features of the stimulus, memory for spatial information such as the location of stimulusactivates the right  superior parietal lobule  andtemporoparietal junction (Gallace, amp;Spence, 2008). There are several studies investigating neural correlates of tactile memory. In one study, Harris, Harris, and Diamond (2001) assess the contribution of topographically organized neural areas to tactile working memory. In order to investigate neural correlates of tactile working memory, they presented their participants with vibrations in different frequencies. The participants were asked to compare the frequency of two vibrations. The vibrations were presented to either the same fingertip or to different fingertips. The retention interval between vibrations was at various lengths. The results of the study indicated that participants performed well if their task was to compare vibrations delivered either the same finger or to corresponding fingers on opposite hands. However, their performance was lower when the vibrations were implemented on distant finger on either hand. These results demonstrate that tactile working memory mechanism organized in topographical framework. In another experiment, Harris and colleagues (2001) presented vibrations to the same fingertip but they added an interference vibration to the retention interval. Participants’ task was again to compare the frequencies of two vibrations by ignoring interference vibration in retention interval. The results showed that the interpolated vibration impaired performance especially if it is delivered to the same finger as the comparison vibrations. The effect was smaller if the vibrations were delivered to more distant fingers. This finding verified the previous finding suggesting that tactile working memory is supported by topographically organized regions of somatosensory cortex. In a similar vein, Numminen et al. (2004) investigated tactile information in brief intervals. Rather than longer interval durations, the study investigated the brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in short inter-stimulus intervals. Participants were presented with triplets of pressure pulses to the second and fourth fingers of the left hand. After a brief interval, a second triplet was presented. In â€Å"compare† task, participants were asked to give feedback by finger lift if the triplets were same. The experiment also included a â€Å"control† task. The control task was same as the compare task but infrequent stimuli applied to the little finger to which the participants reacted. There were different inter-stimulus intervals. The activation in the brain areas as a result of participants’ efforts in recognizing, maintaining and comparing tactile triplets in compare and control conditions showed the related brain areas. The results of the study demonstrated that activation in inferior parietal cortex, supplementary motor area, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was enhanced during the compare task compared to the activations in the control task. It seems that the activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is the result of an attempt to memorize the stimulus sequence. The activation in supplementary motor area and inferior parietal cortex is the result of an effort to analyze temporospatial tactile patterns and haptic exploration. The comparison task itself required a high effort and it resulted in an enhanced activation in the anterior cingulate gyrus. All in all, the results suggested that these areas revealed a task-specific activation. The process engaged in comparison task is common with normal processing of tactile stimuli and therefore, it can be said that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area and inferior parietal cortex are involved in processing tactile stimuli. Another line of research focuses on the separation between and integration of spatiovisual and tactile memory systems. As previously mentioned, although tactile memory representations can be thought as similar to visual representations in nature but there are significant differences between these two different memory systems in terms of processing and neural anatomy. Saito et al (2003) used fMRI to assess the neural substrates for tactile-visual cross-modal matching. The task used in the experiment involved tactile – visual matching of two-dimensional shapes. The participants performed four tasks. TT task required a tactile – tactile matching with no visual stimulus, TTv task required a tactile – tactile matching with visual stimuli, VVt task required a visual – visual matching with tactile stimuli, and TV task required a tactile – visual matching. It was expected that the neural substrates for tactile and visual shape matching were enhanced during tasks requiring matching of information coming from different sensory modalities, which are visual, and tactile modalities compared to the task requiring a matching within the same modality. The results of the study showed that TT task activated the following areas: contralateral primary sensory motor area, post-central gyrus superior parietal lobules, anterior part of the intraparietal sulcus, thalamus, cerebellum, and supplementary motor area but there was no occipital involvement since there was no visual part in the task. Visual matching task, on the other hand, activated primary visual cortex, lingual and fusiform gyri. However, the tasks required cross-modal effort resulted in enhanced activation in the posterior intraparietal sulcus bilaterally. This means that shape information coming from different modalities may be integrated in this region, the posterior intraparietal sulcus. These findings lead researchers to cross-modal integration between visual-spatial and tactile information. On the other hand, the study explained above used only 2D (two-dimensional) objects. However, using 3D (three-dimensional) stimuli may be more similar in real life situation. Using 3D stimuli may also enable to investigate a 3-way cross-modal integration that is the integration between visual – spatial-tactile modalities. In the present study, it aimed to investigate the cross-modal integration of visual-spatial-tactile information by using 3D stimuli and its neural correlates by utilizing fMRI. Method Participants Ten healthy volunteers participated in this study. Eight of them were right handed and other two were left-handed. There was no history of neurological and psychiatric illness in any of the subjects. The ethical committee of Yeditepe University approved the protocol and all subjects gave their written informed consent for the study. Matching Task For the tactile–tactile, visual–visual, or tactile–visual matching tasks, we used patterns of cube, rectangular parallelepiped, and cone. We used two cubes with different sizes – one’s edge was 3,5 cm and the other one’s edge was 5 cm. We also used a rectangular parallelepiped which had a long edge for 5 cm and short edge for 3,5 cm and last edge was 5 cm again. Lastly, we used 3 types of cone – one’s height was 5 cm, one’s height was 3,5 cm and last oblique cone’s height was 5 cm. Each pattern had one or three lobule on the surface, which can be noticeable either with tactilely or visually. The subjects performed four different tasks: a tactile–tactile matching task with no visual input (TT), a tactile–tactile matching task with visual input (TTv), a visual–visual matching task with tactile input (VVt), and a tactile–visual matching task (TV). One task was performed in each fMRI sessions. Each task session was repeated twice, and thus, each subject completed eight sessions. The presentation order of the eight sessions was counterbalanced. Prior to the fMRI session, the subjects were trained for the tactile discrimination task. For the TT task, subjects were asked to place their right hand in a supine position. Their left hand was placed on the button, which was connected to a microcomputer for recording their responses. The subjects closed their eyes throughout the session. During the task period a cube (Figure 1) was manually placed on the subject’s right palm. The subjects were required to explore the surface and edges of the cube with right hand’s fingers for 7 seconds. Then, participants had another 7 seconds to explore the pair of the pattern before gave his/her response to the question â€Å"were they same? If the participant thinks they were same, then he/she used left index finger, if they weren’t same then he/she used left middle finger to push a button. After they responded, they were all allowed to drop the pattern. For the TTv task, the procedure was identical to the TT task except that additional visual 3D stimuli were presented simultaneously. The visual stimulation was projected using a television screen. The subjects through a mirror viewed the screen. It was confirmed that the subjects were not able to see their right hand. During the task periods, the tactile and visual stimuli were presented simultaneously for 7 seconds, then, pairs of patterns were presented visually and tactilely for another 7 seconds, followed by a response. The subjects responded by pushing a button with the left index finger if the tactile pair-wise pattern were the same, or with the middle finger if the pattern were different, irrespective of the visual stimuli.